We are facing a period of technological change, deregulation, fierce competition, and increasing public concern. In this dynamic environment risk management can no longer be based on responses to past accidents and incidents, but must be increasingly proactive. To be proactive, risk management must apply an adaptive, closed loop feedback control strategy, based on measurement or observation of the level of human flexibility and creative intellectual power, a human organisation presents a particular potential for such an adaptive control, given the right conditions - people are a very important safety resource, not only an error source. This book discusses these issues on the basis of the present rapid evolution of new cognitive approaches to the study of decision making in action and dynamic, learning organisations, and the rapid change of modern information technology with its potential for design of effective decision support systems.