This book takes into account the International Convention on Oil Pollution Preparedness, Response and Co-operation, 1990 (OPRC Convention) and other new developments in oil pollutions emergency preparedness and response. Chapter 1, which deals with response considerations, introduces the new organizational concept of a tiered response, according to the severity of the spill. To that end, subsequent chapters mirror the escalation of activity, beginning with guidance on local contingency plans (chapter 2), national response (chapter 3) and international agreements designed to cover operational aspects of the rare, catastrophic spill (chapter 4). Finally, chapter 5 provides specific guidance on intervention and cost recovery from spills arising from shipping accidents.