Despite the recent emphasis on health and safety within the fire service, almost 100 firefighters continue to die each year in the line of duty, while many others suffer severe injuries. A relatively small number of these deaths and injuries occur in firefighter fatality incidents; however, the impact of these incidents on the affected fire departments, their firefighters, and the fire service at-large is very significant. The continued incidence of these tragedies, and several cases in which there were long-term effects on fire departments, prompted the United States Fire Administration to study the aftermath of firefighter fatality incidents. Attention was paid to both the immediate and long-term after-effects on fire departments and firefighters.